Most of the wood/metal roof and the spire of the cathedral was destroyed, with about one third of the roof remaining. The Original Gargoyles Under Bishop Maurice de Sully, Notre-Dame’s construction started in the 1160s and lasted nearly 200 years. Viollet-le-Duc restored the facade of Notre-Dame, inside and out, including replacing 60 statues. Viollet-le-Duc was a Gothic Revival architect who was famous for his own creative restorations, introducing the gargoyles, which served as rain spouts from the roof and appeared to have survived the fire. The Gothic idea was one of pain and suffering and the buildings loomed over the citizens in a romantically dramatic cloud. The church wanted to convey a realistic image of the possibility of a damned afterlife.
The Catholic Church’s primary use of the gargoyle was to illustrate evil. Why do Catholic cathedrals have gargoyles?
Many large Gothic-style churches are listed as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO and are considered to be great works of art. Other forms of structures made in the Gothic style include palaces, universities, castles guild, and town halls. It was the design of choice for many of Europe's churches, cathedrals, and abbeys. Some elements of the architectural style included the flying buttress, ribbed vault, and pointed arch. The Gothic style originated from France in the 12th century and held dominance up until the 16th century. The style was preceded by Romanesque architecture and succeeded by Renaissance architecture. Gothic was a style of architecture popular in Europe throughout the medieval period.
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